Spectroscope

Spectroscope is a scientific instrument that decomposes complex light into spectral lines. It is composed of prisms or diffraction gratings. The spectroscope can measure the light reflected on the surface of an object. The seven-color light in sunlight is the part that can be divided by the naked eye (visible light), but if the sunlight is decomposed by a spectrometer and arranged by wavelength, the visible light only occupies a small range in the spectrum, and the rest are the spectrum that the naked eye cannot distinguish, such as infrared and microwave. , Ultraviolet, X-ray, etc. Through the capture of optical information by a spectrometer, the development of photographic film, or the display and analysis of computerized automatic display numerical instruments, it is possible to detect which elements are contained in the article. This technology is widely used in the detection of air pollution, water pollution, food hygiene, metal industry, etc.

An optical instrument that separates polychromatic light into spectra. There are many types of spectrometers, in addition to spectrometers used in the visible light band, there are infrared spectrometers and ultraviolet spectrometers. According to the different dispersion elements, it can be divided into prism spectrometer, grating spectrometer and interference spectrometer. According to the detection method, there are spectrophotometers that directly observe with eyes, spectrographs that record with photosensitive films, and spectrophotometers that use photoelectric or pyroelectric elements to detect spectra. A monochromator is a spectrometer that outputs only a single chromatogram line through a slit, and is often used in conjunction with other analytical instruments.

The parameters that characterize the basic characteristics of the spectrometer include spectral range, dispersion rate, bandwidth, and resolution. Spectrometers designed based on interference principles (such as Fabry-Perot interferometers, Fourier transform spectrometers) have high dispersion rate and resolution, and are often used for the analysis of the fine structure of the spectrum.